From previous posts you now know how to covert your used road bikes from multiple speeds to a single speed. It is also possible to convert to from either of those to a fixed gear. I may show you how to do that at some point in the future, but this post will focus on the reasons for converting and the pros and cons of doing any type of conversion. Below is each type of bike setup with a quick definition and what this type of setup is typically used for and below each type are some of the pros and cons of using that type of gearing.
Multiple Speed
A multiple speed is any bike that has more than one gear ratio. Typically, it is accompanied by a shifting mechanism which allows the rider to decide the gearing ratio, depending on the conditions. This type of bike setup is optimal for long distance riding and multi speed bike racing. Since the rider can change gears this setup is also the easiest on the rider. If they get tired they can gear down, if they want to go really fast they can gear up slowly as they pedal, etc. There are also races that are much better suited for multi gear bikes, such as the Tour de Georgia.
Pros:
- Makes long distance riding easier/more efficient
- Allows you to accelerate quickly with less effort (by shifting up as you pedal)
- Efficiency in general
Cons:
- Adds weight
- Additional parts means there are more things that can potentially break or fail
- Rider can get somewhat distracted by the decisions required to change gears
- Typically more expensive
Single Speed
A single speed bike has just one gear ratio and has a freewheel or cassette that allows the rider to stop pedaling and coast. This type is good for shorter distances and single speed bike racing.
Pros:
- Lighter (no need for a shifter or the extra gears)
- More reliable (less parts means less potential for part failure)
- More mechanically efficient (losing the detailer lets the chain rotate more smoothly)
- Builds strength (since there are no other gears the rider must make up for any changes in terrain)
- Less distractions (the rider can connect better to the bike and the road by not having the distraction of changing gears, it is hard to explain, you have to experience it to really understand)
- Rider can rest while riding (the freewheel or cassette allows the rider to rest while on down hills)
Cons:
- Takes more effort (rider cannot change gears as the conditions change)
- Freewheel or cassette are still moving parts that could break or fail
Fixed Gear
A fixed gear is a bike with a single gear ratio and a ‘locked’ drivetrain. In other words, the pedals move with the wheel and thus the rider must always be pedaling when the rear wheel is rolling. This type of bike is also used for shorter distances and typically track racing.
Pros:
- Even lighter (the single cog is lighter than a freewheel or cassette, and with a fixed gear it is possible to ride without brakes)
- More reliable (even less moving parts)
- An even better rider/bike/road connection
- Builds strength and endurance (since the rider cannot change gears or stop pedaling the rider must keep up with the movement of the bike)
- Better handing (since you essentially ‘feel’ the road through the bike, the rider can better handle wet/icy conditions as well as maneuver better through turns and over bumps or gravel covered roads)
Cons:
- Potentially dangerous (the ‘locked’ drive train will tear apart anything that gets caught in it from clothing to shoe laces to fingers; also, if you remove the brakes this could be dangerous if you do not know what you are doing)
- No coasting
- Typically requires a new hub or wheel
- May be difficult to convert to if you have vertical dropouts (no easy way to tension the chain)
- If you use the fixie skid method of stopping you can burn through tires
Any bike is more fun than no bike and as you go down the list above each seems to add a new level of funness to cycling. There is increased commitment and responsibility for the rider as you progress from one type to the next as well. The best thing in my opinion is to try it out, keep your old parts so you can go back if you decided you don’t like it but trying it is definitely the only way to get a real perspective.
I’m sure there are also a few other pros and cons that I forgot to mention but for most people this will give you a good idea of what to expect. If you do have any thing to add or any other pros or cons, please mention them in the comments.